Fabulae Syrae XXX Summary

Summary:
Polyphemus et Galatea: Polyphemus is in love with Galatea, but she is not in love with him. To solve this problem, Polyphemus plays the music of Pan, and Galatea hears it. She then confronts Polyphemus, who had played the pipes. There, Polyphemus confesses his love for her. 

Glaucus: Glaucus was a fisherman. He was fishing in the ocean one day. He was turned into a sea god. He then caused havoc on many ships. 

Ceyx et Alcyone: Alcyone begged her husband, Ceyx, not to travel by sea, but Ceyx refused to abide by her warning. As a result, Ceyx was killed. Alcyone dreamed that he was dead and was very somber. 

Horatius Cocles: Horatius defended a bridge in Rome by himself against an army led by Lars Porsena. He is considered a Roman hero for single handily defending Rome against oppression. 

Ganymedes: Ganymedes is abducted by an eagle, Zeus, to serve as his cupbearer. He is considered a great cupbearer and was given his own constellation.

Vocabulary:
I found no new vocabulary when reading this chapter. 

Grammar:
I found no new grammar concepts when reading this. 

Lingua Latina: Cap. XXX Summary

Summary:
Julius, after he had returned from the fields, washed himself in the bath. There is a dinner feast in the house, and many guests have come. The guests eat dinner and drink wine while talking about various matters in the city. 

Vocabulary:

• mel, mellis, n. (honey)
• iūcundus, -a, -um (pleasant)
• sternere (to spread)

Grammar:

• Hortatory Subjunctive: subjunctive used without "ut" or "ne", generally used with 1st person plural, translated as "Lets..." 
• Future Tense: often used in a clause beginning with cum or sī, in conjunction with a future tense verb. In this case, it is best translated into English with the present tense.

Fabulae Syrae XXIX Summary

Summary:
Orpheus and Eurydice: Orpheus wished to get his wife, Eurydice, back from the underworld. So, using music, he entered the underworld and struck a deal with Hades to let go of Eurydice on the condition that he not look at her when they are walking up. On the last step, Orpheus turns around to see if Eurydice has followed him, but he loses her forever.

Ceres et Proserpina: Pluto abducted Proserpina from Ceres, her mother, to live in the Underworld. However, Ceres was furious and demanded that Proserpina live with her. Pluto and Ceres struck a deal to share Proserpina. 

Arethusa: Arethusa tries to flea Alpheus and successfully does under the guidance of Artemis. She turns into a waterfall. 

Pandora: Jupiter, in order to punish human beings, let Pandora open a jar full of diseases with no panaceas. This is how humans were punished for being selfish. 

Niobe: Niobe bragged about having more sons and daughters than Leto, mother of Apollo and Artemis. As revenge, Apollo and Artemis kill all of the sons and daughters of Niobe.

Vocabulary:
I found no new vocabulary while reading this. 

Grammar:
I found no new grammar topics while reading this. 

Lingua Latina: Cap. XXIX Summary

Summary:

The merchant complains much about the lack of sales, and the governor tries to console him, to no avail. Then, the pilot tells the tale of Arion, who is "another Orpheus". After the story, Lydia again asks Medus about his precious ring...

Vocabulary:

• dorsum, -ī, n. (back)
• vēlōx, vēlōcis (swift)
• invidēre (to envy)
• allicere (to attract)
• surripere (to steal)

Grammar:

• Indirect Questions: subjunctive verb is used in an indirect question (i.e., a question that is not directly asked, but which is reported about).
• Result Clause: A subjunctive verb is used with ut in a clause that shows a result or consequence. These are often introduced by 
  • tam = so
  • tantus, -a, -um = so big, so great
  • ita = so, so much
  • talis, -is, -e = of such a kind, of such a sort

Fabulae Syrae XXVIII Summary

Summary:

Atalanta: Many men wanted to marry Atalanta. Atalanta challenges them to a race, and whoever wins gets to marry her. No one is able to outrun her. However, a man named Hippomenus is able to beat her using cunning ways. This includes throwing a golden apple, which mesmerizes Atalanta. Therefore, he marries her.

Veturia: Veturia was a virtuous Roman women whose son was about to conquer Rome. However, in honor of his mother, he decides not to conquer Rome, thus saving Rome from oppression.

Nausicaa: Nausicaa is a beautiful girl who is the daughter of King Alconius. She wants to play ball with Diana, a goddess, but is turned down. She consults her father for advice, but he gives nothing to her. She therefore cries.

Cyparissus: Cyparissus accidentally kills a deer. He mourns greatly over it. He mourned so much that he was turned into a cyprus tree. Apollo is furious at this fact.

Alcestis: Alcestis was forced to marry a suitor who completed the challenges assigned by her father. However, he was going to die. However, Apollo saves him and Alcestis volunteers to die. She ends up dying for someone who did not care for her.

Vocabulary:

I found no new vocabulary when reading this. 

Grammar:

I found no new grammar concepts when reading this. 

Lingua Latina: Cap. XXVIII Summary

Summary: While Syra tells Medus the fifth story, Lydia and Medus are riding on a ship in Greece. Medus asks Lydia about her God, and Lydis reads him stories from books written by Matthew, which mention Jesus Christ. She believes that Jesus Christ is King of the World, which causes some people to think that she is crazy. 

Vocabulary:

• praedō, praedōnis, m. (robber, pirate)
• tībīcen, tībīcinis, m. (flute-player)
• turba, -ae, f. (tribe)
• potius (rather)
• versārī (to move about)

Grammar:

• Imperfect Subjunctive: The imperfect subjunctive is formed by adding personal endings to the present infinitive
• amāre: 
• (active) amārem, amārēs, amāret, amārēmus, amārētis, amārent
• (passitve) amārer, amārēris, amārētur, amārēmur, amārēminī, amārentur